prepositional verbs

Commonly Used Prepositional Verbs
Account for			We must account for all the information in our report.
Accuse (someone) of			The teacher accused Michael of cheating on the test.
Adapt to			We have adapted to living in the U.S.
Add to			6 added to 5 equals 11. The new requirement has added to my worries about paying for my education.
Agree on			We agreed on an answer for the problem
Agree to			We agreed to the solution for the problem.
Agree with			I agree with your answer for the problem.
Apologize for something			He apologized for his rude behavior.
Apologize to someone			He apologized to his friends for his rude behavior.
Apply for			She is applying for Georgia State University. She applied for a teaching assistantship.
Approve of			The teacher approved of his plan for his research paper.
Argue with someone			Michael argued with his teacher about his grade.
Argue about something			I argued politely with Michael about his ideas on the economy.
Arrive at			We arrived at the test center on time. They arrived at the same solution for the problem.
Ask for			We asked for more time on the test.
Become of			What became of Michael? Have you seen him lately? I haven't seen him for a long time.
Believe in			He believes in his solution for the problem.
Belong to			She belongs to a tennis club.
Blame someone/something for something			He blames his poor English for his grade on the test. The citizens blame the government for the economic problems.
Blame something on someone			He blamed his grade on his English. The police blamed the explosion on a separatist group.
Borrow from			I borrowed some paper from my roommate. Shakespeare borrowed his plots from other writers.
Care about			I really care about the environment.
Care for			I don't care for his attitude--I don't like it at all. He is caring for his elderly parents.
Catch up with			Run faster--we have to catch up with the rest of the group. I caught up with the homework last weekend.
Come from			He comes from Egypt.
Comment on			The teacher commented on the effect of the election on the economy.
Communicate about something			He communicated with his teacher about his grade.
Communicate with someone			He communicated with his teacher about his grade.
Compare with			Please compare Clinton's presidency with Reagan's. He compared the food in the cafeteria with his mother's cooking.
Complain about			The students complained about the food in the cafeteria.
Compliment someone on something			The teacher complimented Maria on the good work she did on the examination.
Congratulate someone on something			The teacher congratulated all the students on their final reports.
Concentrate on			I want to concentrate on my major.
Consent to			My advisor consented to my plan.
Consist of			Grammar consists of syntax, morphology, semantics, and phonology. Water consists of hydrogen, oxygen, and a few other elements.
Convince someone of something			Michael convinced his teacher of the correctness of his answer on the test. He convinced his teacher to change his grade.
Decide between			I have to decide between coffee and tea to go with my lunch. He decided between the U.S. and Australia as the place to study English.
Decide on			Michael decided on biology as his major.
Depend on			I depend on my family for money.
(Dis)approve of			Mary approves of my plan. Michael disapproves of my ideas.
Dream about			He dreams about being a doctor.
Dream of			He dreams of Maria. He dreams of being a doctor.
Excuse someone for something			She excused him for being rude.
Explain something to someone			She explained her ideas about the project to the teacher.
Get along with			He gets along well with many different people.
Get back from			We just got back from Egypt.
Get rid of			I need to get rid of my old car.
Get through with			I'll get through with school in late May.
Get used to			I can't get used to American food.
Happen to			What happened to Michael? He seems sad. What happened to the oranges that I put in the refrigerator? They're not there.
Have confidence in			Our teacher has confidence in our dedication to study.
Have influence on			His father had a lot of influence on his major.
Have an opportunity for			I have an opportunity for getting a scholarship. I have an opportunity to get a scholarship.
Have patience with			The teacher has patience with us.
Have a reason for			You must have a good reason for your answer on the math test.
Hear about			I heard about the lecture from Michael.
Hear from			I just got an email from Michael--I hear from him everyday.
Hear of			Have you ever heard of a music group called "Echelon"? They seem to be popular in France.
Insist on			The teacher insists on our being on time to class.
Introduce someone to something/someone			Mary introduced her grammar teacher to Michael.
Invite someone to			Mary invited her grammar class to the lecture.
Keep for someone			Michael will be out of town for the summer. Mary willkeep his cat for him while he is gone.
Keep away from someone			I don't like John's attitude. I want to keep away from him.
Keep on			To learn English, you must keep on studying. You can't stop after a few months.
Laugh about			Mary and Michael laughed about the article in the newspaper.
Laugh at			They laughed at the silly joke.
Learn about			I learned about his problems from his mother.
Listen for			John and Mary are supposed to get home at 5:00 P.M. Their mother is listening for their car.
Listen to			We listened to the new CD. I listened to the teacher's lecture.
Look at			Please look at my answer to this problem.
Look for			I looked for information on the Web.
Look forward to			I am looking forward to my visit to Egypt. Michael looked forward to visiting his family.
Object to			I object to your tone. They objected to having a test on the last day of class.
Participate in			All the students participated in the discussion.
Pay for			He paid for our lunch. We paid $120 for our textbooks.
Plan on			Michael planned on studying in the U.S We're planning on going to the movie tonight.
Prefer to			I prefer tea to coffee. He prefers English to chemistry.
Prepare for			Mary is preparing for TOEFL.
Prevent from			Her poor Spanish prevented her from getting the job in Peru.
Provide for			His family provides for his tuition.
Provide someone with something			I provided Michael with information for his report.
Recover from			She was very sick. But, she's recovering from her illness rapidly.
Refer to			He referred to the Internet in his report.
Relate to			Michael related the economic decline to oil prices.
Rely on			I rely on my family for money. We relied on the Internet for our research papers.
Remind someone of			Michael reminds me of my brother.
Search for			I searched for information about water pollution.
See about			We need to see about buying our textbooks for the semester.
Send for			We sent for some books from home about the history of our country.
Separate something from something			Separate the yolk from the white of the egg. Separate the truth from fiction.
Show up at			We didn't invite him--he just showed up at the party.
Spend money on something/someone			He spends a lot of money on his girlfriend.
Stop from			His teacher wants him to stop from answering all the questions in class.
Substitute for			Margarine can substitute for butter. Mary will substitute for Michael next week--she can teach his class for him.
Subtract from			The company will subtract the cost of insurance fromyour salary. His bad temper substracts from his other good qualities.
Succeed at			Mary will succeed at any task she attempts. I want to succeed at this new job.
Succeed in			He succeeded in passing the test. She succeeded in her ambition to be a teacher.
Take advantage of			Let's go to the store right now. I want to take advantage of the sale. He's not a very good person. He will take advantage ofhis friends to make money.
Talk about			Let's talk about your problem.
Talk over			We talked over the possible answers.
Talk to			I talked to my teacher about my test grade.
Talk with			Mary talked with Michael about this temper.
Thank someone for something			Michael thanked Mary for her advice.
Think about			The students thought about their answers to the math problem. They considered all the possible answers.
Think of			They thought of several new ways to do the problem. They developed several new methods.
Throw away			They cleaned their apartment and threw away two sacks of old newspapers.
Vote for			We voted for the president of the student government.
Wait for			Michael was late for the meeting, and Mary waited for him for thirty minutes.
Waste money on something/someone			My brother wasted a lot of money on a very old car. He wasted time and energy on that car, too.
Wish for			He wished for a new car.
Work for			Michael works for a computer company.
Worry about			Mary worries about her grades. Michael worries about money.

phrasal verbs

Verb		Meaning	Example
ask someone out		invite on a date	Brian asked Judy out to dinner and a movie.
ask around		ask many people the same question	I asked around but nobody has seen my wallet.
add up to something		equal	Your purchases add up to $205.32.
back something up		reverse	You'll have to back up your car so that I can get out.
back someone up		support	My wife backed me up over my decision to quit my job.
blow up		explode	The racing car blew up after it crashed into the fence.
blow something up		add air	We have to blow 50 balloons up for the party.
break down		stop functioning (vehicle, machine)	Our car broke down at the side of the highway in the snowstorm.
break down		get upset	The woman broke down when the police told her that her son had died.
break somethingdown		divide into smaller parts	Our teacher broke the final project downinto three separate parts.
break in		force entry to a building	Somebody broke in last night and stole our stereo.
break into something		enter forcibly	The firemen had to break into the room to rescue the children.
break something in		wear something a few times so that it doesn't look/feel new	I need to break these shoes in before we run next week.
break in		interrupt	The TV station broke in to report the news of the president's death.
break up		end a relationship	My boyfriend and I broke up before I moved to America.
break up		start laughing (informal)	The kids just broke up as soon as the clown started talking.
break out		escape	The prisoners broke out of jail when the guards weren't looking.
break out insomething		develop a skin condition	I broke out in a rash after our camping trip.
bring someone down		make unhappy	This sad music is bringing me down.
bring someone up		raise a child	My grandparents brought me up after my parents died.
bring something up		start talking about a subject	My mother walks out of the room when my father brings up sports.
bring something up		vomit	He drank so much that he brought his dinner up in the toilet.
call around		phone many different places/people	We called around but we weren't able to find the car part we needed.
call someone back		return a phone call	I called the company back but the offices were closed for the weekend.
call something off		cancel	Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancé.
call on someone		ask for an answer or opinion	The professor called on me for question 1.
call on someone		visit someone	We called on you last night but you weren't home.
call someone up		phone	Give me your phone number and I willcall you up when we are in town.
calm down		relax after being angry	You are still mad. You need to calm down before you drive the car.
not care forsomeone/something		not like (formal)	I don't care for his behaviour.
catch up		get to the same point as someone else	You'll have to run faster than that if you want to catch up with Marty.
check in		arrive and register at a hotel or airport	We will get the hotel keys when wecheck in.
check out		leave a hotel	You have to check out of the hotel before 11:00 AM.
checksomeone/somethingout		look at carefully, investigate	The company checks out all new employees.
check outsomeone/something		look at (informal)	Check out the crazy hair on that guy!
cheer up		become happier	She cheered up when she heard the good news.
cheer someone up		make happier	I brought you some flowers to cheer youup.
chip in		help	If everyone chips in we can get the kitchen painted by noon.
clean something up		tidy, clean	Please clean up your bedroom before you go outside.
come acrosssomething		find unexpectedly	I came across these old photos when I was tidying the closet.
come apart		separate	The top and bottom come apart if you pull hard enough.
come down withsomething		become sick	My nephew came down with chicken pox this weekend.
come forward		volunteer for a task or to give evidence	The woman came forward with her husband's finger prints.
come fromsomewhere		originate in	The art of origami comes from Asia.
count onsomeone/something		rely on	I am counting on you to make dinner while I am out.
cross something out		draw a line through	Please cross out your old address and write your new one.
cut back onsomething		consume less	My doctor wants me to cut back onsweets and fatty foods.
cut something down		make something fall to the ground	We had to cut the old tree in our yarddown after the storm.
cut in		interrupt	Your father cut in while I was dancing with your uncle.
cut in		pull in too closely in front of another vehicle	The bus driver got angry when that carcut in.
cut in		start operating (of an engine or electrical device)	The air conditioner cuts in when the temperature gets to 22°C.
cut something off		remove with something sharp	The doctors cut off his leg because it was severely injured.
cut something off		stop providing	The phone company cut off our phone because we didn't pay the bill.
cut someone off		take out of a will	My grandparents cut my father off when he remarried.
cut something out		remove part of something (usually with scissors and paper)	I cut this ad out of the newspaper.
dosomeone/somethingover		beat up, ransack (Br.E., informal)	He's lucky to be alive. His shop was done over by a street gang.
do something over		do again (N.Amer.)	My teacher wants me to do my essayover because she doesn't like my topic.
do away withsomething		discard	It's time to do away with all of these old tax records.
do something up		fasten, close	Do your coat up before you go outside. It's snowing!
dress up		wear nice clothing	It's a fancy restaurant so we have todress up.
drop back		move back in a position/group	Andrea dropped back to third place when she fell off her bike.
drop in/by/over		come without an appointment	I might drop in/by/over for tea sometime this week.
dropsomeone/somethingoff		take someone/something somewhere and leave them/it there	I have to drop my sister off at work before I come over.
drop out		quit a class, school etc	I dropped out of Science because it was too difficult.
eat out		eat at a restaurant	I don't feel like cooking tonight. Let's eat out.
end up		eventually reach/do/decide	We ended up renting a movie instead of going to the theatre.
fall apart		break into pieces	My new dress fell apart in the washing machine.
fall down		fall to the ground	The picture that you hung up last nightfell down this morning.
fall out		separate from an interior	The money must have fallen out of my pocket.
fall out		(of hair, teeth) become loose and unattached	His hair started to fall out when he was only 35.
figure something out		understand, find the answer	I need to figure out how to fit the piano and the bookshelf in this room.
fill something in		to write information in blanks (Br.E.)	Please fill in the form with your name, address, and phone number.
fill something out		to write information in blanks (N.Amer.)	The form must be filled out in capital letters.
fill something up		fill to the top	I always fill the water jug up when it is empty.
find out		discover	We don't know where he lives. How can we find out?
find something out		discover	We tried to keep the time of the party a secret, but Samantha found it out.
get somethingacross/over		communicate, make understandable	I tried to get my point across/over to the judge but she wouldn't listen.
get along/on		like each other	I was surprised how well my new girlfriend and my sister got along/on.
get around		have mobility	My grandfather can get around fine in his new wheelchair.
get away		go on a vacation	We worked so hard this year that we had to get away for a week.
get away withsomething		do without being noticed or punished	Jason always gets away with cheating in his maths tests.
get back		return	We got back from our vacation last week.
get something back		receive something you had before	Liz finally got her Science notes backfrom my room-mate.
get back at someone		retaliate, take revenge	My sister got back at me for stealing her shoes. She stole my favourite hat.
get back intosomething		become interested in something again	I finally got back into my novel and finished it.
get on something		step onto a vehicle	We're going to freeze out here if you don't let us get on the bus.
get over something		recover from an illness, loss, difficulty	I just got over the flu and now my sister has it.
get over something		overcome a problem	The company will have to close if it can'tget over the new regulations.
get round tosomething		finally find time to do (N.Amer.:get around to something)	I don't know when I am going to get round to writing the thank you cards.
get together		meet (usually for social reasons)	Let's get together for a BBQ this weekend.
get up		get out of bed	I got up early today to study for my exam.
get up		stand	You should get up and give the elderly man your seat.
give someone away		reveal hidden information about someone	His wife gave him away to the police.
give someone away		take the bride to the altar	My father gave me away at my wedding.
give something away		ruin a secret	My little sister gave the surprise partyaway by accident.
give something away		give something to someone for free	The library was giving away old books on Friday.
give something back		return a borrowed item	I have to give these skates back to Franz before his hockey game.
give in		reluctantly stop fighting or arguing	My boyfriend didn't want to go to the ballet, but he finally gave in.
give something out		give to many people (usually at no cost)	They were giving out free perfume samples at the department store.
give something up		quit a habit	I am giving up smoking as of January 1st.
give up		stop trying	My maths homework was too difficult so I gave up.
go after someone		follow someone	My brother tried to go after the thief in his car.
go after something		try to achieve something	I went after my dream and now I am a published writer.
go against someone		compete, oppose	We are going against the best soccer team in the city tonight.
go ahead		start, proceed	Please go ahead and eat before the food gets cold.
go back		return to a place	I have to go back home and get my lunch.
go out		leave home to go on a social event	We're going out for dinner tonight.
go out with someone		date	Jesse has been going out with Luke since they met last winter.
go over something		review	Please go over your answers before you submit your test.
go over		visit someone nearby	I haven't seen Tina for a long time. I think I'll go over for an hour or two.
go without something		suffer lack or deprivation	When I was young, we went withoutwinter boots.
grow apart		stop being friends over time	My best friend and I grew apart after she changed schools.
grow back		regrow	My roses grew back this summer.
grow up		become an adult	When Jack grows up he wants to be a fireman.
grow out ofsomething		get too big for	Elizabeth needs a new pair of shoes because she has grown out of her old ones.
grow into something		grow big enough to fit	This bike is too big for him now, but he should grow into it by next year.
hand something down		give something used to someone else	I handed my old comic books down to my little cousin.
hand something in		submit	I have to hand in my essay by Friday.
hand something out		to distribute to a group of people	We will hand out the invitations at the door.
hand something over		give (usually unwillingly)	The police asked the man to hand overhis wallet and his weapons.
hang in		stay positive (N.Amer., informal)	Hang in there. I'm sure you'll find a job very soon.
hang on		wait a short time (informal)	Hang on while I grab my coat and shoes!
hang out		spend time relaxing (informal)	Instead of going to the party we are just going to hang out at my place.
hang up		end a phone call	He didn't say goodbye before he hung up.
holdsomeone/somethingback		prevent from doing/going	I had to hold my dog back because there was a cat in the park.
hold something back		hide an emotion	Jamie held back his tears at his grandfather's funeral.
hold on		wait a short time	Please hold on while I transfer you to the Sales Department.
hold ontosomeone/something		hold firmly using your hands or arms	Hold onto your hat because it's very windy outside.
holdsomeone/somethingup		rob	A man in a black mask held the bank upthis morning.
keep on doingsomething		continue doing	Keep on stirring until the liquid comes to a boil.
keep something fromsomeone		not tell	We kept our relationship from our parents for two years.
keepsomeone/somethingout		stop from entering	Try to keep the wet dog out of the living room.
keep something up		continue at the same rate	If you keep those results up you will get into a great college.
let someone down		fail to support or help, disappoint	I need you to be on time. Don't let medown this time.
let someone in		allow to enter	Can you let the cat in before you go to school?
look aftersomeone/something		take care of	I have to look after my sick grandmother.
look down onsomeone		think less of, consider inferior	Ever since we stole that chocolate bar your dad has looked down on me.
look forsomeone/something		try to find	I'm looking for a red dress for the wedding.
look forward tosomething		be excited about the future	I'm looking forward to the Christmas break.
look into something		investigate	We are going to look into the price of snowboards today.
look out		be careful, vigilant, and take notice	Look out! That car's going to hit you!
look out forsomeone/something		be especially vigilant for	Don't forget to look out for snakes on the hiking trail.
look something over		check, examine	Can you look over my essay for spelling mistakes?
look something up		search and find information in a reference book or database	We can look her phone number up on the Internet.
look up to someone		have a lot of respect for	My little sister has always looked up to me.
make something up		invent, lie about something	Josie made up a story about why we were late.
make up		forgive each other	We were angry last night, but we made up at breakfast.
make someone up		apply cosmetics to	My sisters made me up for my graduation party.
mix something up		confuse two or more things	I mixed up the twins' names again!
pass away		die	His uncle passed away last night after a long illness.
pass out		faint	It was so hot in the church that an elderly lady passed out.
pass something out		give the same thing to many people	The professor passed the textbooks outbefore class.
pass something up		decline (usually something good)	I passed up the job because I am afraid of change.
pay someone back		return owed money	Thanks for buying my ticket. I'll pay youback on Friday.
pay for something		be punished for doing something bad	That bully will pay for being mean to my little brother.
pick something out		choose	I picked out three sweaters for you to try on.
pointsomeone/somethingout		indicate with your finger	I'll point my boyfriend out when he runs by.
put something down		put what you are holding on a surface or floor	You can put the groceries down on the kitchen counter.
put someone down		insult, make someone feel stupid	The students put the substitute teacherdown because his pants were too short.
put something off		postpone	We are putting off our trip until January because of the hurricane.
put something out		extinguish	The neighbours put the fire out before the firemen arrived.
put somethingtogether		assemble	I have to put the crib together before the baby arrives.
put up withsomeone/something		tolerate	I don't think I can put up with three small children in the car.
put something on		put clothing/accessories on your body	Don't forget to put on your new earrings for the party.
run intosomeone/something		meet unexpectedly	I ran into an old school-friend at the mall.
run oversomeone/something		drive a vehicle over a person or thing	I accidentally ran over your bicycle in the driveway.
run over/throughsomething		rehearse, review	Let's run over/through these lines one more time before the show.
run away		leave unexpectedly, escape	The child ran away from home and has been missing for three days.
run out		have none left	We ran out of shampoo so I had to wash my hair with soap.
send something back		return (usually by mail)	My letter got sent back to me because I used the wrong stamp.
set something up		arrange, organize	Our boss set a meeting up with the president of the company.
set someone up		trick, trap	The police set up the car thief by using a hidden camera.
shop around		compare prices	I want to shop around a little before I decide on these boots.
show off		act extra special for people watching (usually boastfully)	He always shows off on his skateboard
sleep over		stay somewhere for the night (informal)	You should sleep over tonight if the weather is too bad to drive home.
sort something out		organize, resolve a problem	We need to sort the bills out before the first of the month.
stick to something		continue doing something, limit yourself to one particular thing	You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.
switch something off		stop the energy flow, turn off	The light's too bright. Could you switch itoff.
switch something on		start the energy flow, turn on	We heard the news as soon as weswitched on the car radio.
take after someone		resemble a family member	I take after my mother. We are both impatient.
take something apart		purposely break into pieces	He took the car brakes apart and found the problem.
take something back		return an item	I have to take our new TV back because it doesn't work.
take off		start to fly	My plane takes off in five minutes.
take something off		remove something (usually clothing)	Take off your socks and shoes and come in the lake!
take something out		remove from a place or thing	Can you take the garbage out to the street for me?
take someone out		pay for someone to go somewhere with you	My grandparents took us out for dinner and a movie.
tear something up		rip into pieces	I tore up my ex-boyfriend's letters and gave them back to him.
think back		remember (often + to, sometimes + on)	When I think back on my youth, I wish I had studied harder.
think something over		consider	I'll have to think this job offer overbefore I make my final decision.
throw somethingaway		dispose of	We threw our old furniture away when we won the lottery.
turn something down		decrease the volume or strength (heat, light etc)	Please turn the TV down while the guests are here.
turn something down		refuse	I turned the job down because I don't want to move.
turn something off		stop the energy flow, switch off	Your mother wants you to turn the TVoff and come for dinner.
turn something on		start the energy, switch on	It's too dark in here. Let's turn some lights on.
turn something up		increase the volume or strength (heat, light etc)	Can you turn the music up? This is my favourite song.
turn up		appear suddenly	Our cat turned up after we put posters up all over the neighbourhood.
try something on		sample clothing	I'm going to try these jeans on, but I don't think they will fit.
try something out		test	I am going to try this new brand of detergent out.
use something up		finish the supply	The kids used all of the toothpaste up so we need to buy some more.
wake up		stop sleeping	We have to wake up early for work on Monday.
warmsomeone/somethingup		increase the temperature	You can warm your feet up in front of the fireplace.
warm up		prepare body for exercise	I always warm up by doing sit-ups before I go for a run.
wear off		fade away	Most of my make-up wore off before I got to the party.
work out		exercise	I work out at the gym three times a week.
work out		be successful	Our plan worked out fine.
work something out		make a calculation	We have to work out the total cost before we buy the house.

comparative and superlative degree

ขั้นธรรมดา		ขั้นกว่า		ขั้นสูงสุด
tall	สูง	taller	สูงกว่า	tallest	สูงที่สุด
short	เตี้ย, สั้น	shorter	เตี้ยกว่า, สั้นกว่า	shortest	เตี้ยที่สุด, สั้นที่สุด
long	ยาว	longerั	ยาวกว่า	longest	ยาวที่สุด
young	อ่อน, หนุ่ม	younger	อ่อนกว่า, หนุ่มกว่า	youngest	อ่อนที่สุด, หนุ่มที่สุด
old	เก่า, แก่	older	เก่ากว่า, แก่กว่า	oldest	เก่าที่สุด, แก่ที่สุด
new	ใหม่	ืnewer	ใหม่กว่า	newest	ใหม่ที่สุด
strong	แข็งแรง	stronger	แข็งแรงกว่า	strongest	แข็งแรงที่สุด
thick	หนา	thicker	หนากว่า	thickest	หนาที่สุด
wide	กว้าง	wider	กว้างกว่า	widest	กว้างที่สุด
big	ใหญ่	ิbigger	ใหญ่กว่า	biggest	ใหญ่ที่สุด
fat	อ้วน	fatter	อ้วนกว่า	fattest	อ้วนที่สุด
hot	ร้อน	hotter	ร้อนกว่า	hottest	ร้อนที่สุด
sad	เศร้า	sadder	เศร้ากว่า	saddest	เศร้าที่สุด
thin	ผอม	thinner	ผอมกว่า	thinnest	ผอมที่สุด
happy	มีความสุข	happier	มีความสุขกว่า	้happiest	มีความสุขที่สุด
easy	ง่าย	easier	ง่ายกว่า	easiest	ง่ายที่สุด
difficult	ยาก	more  difficult	ยากกว่า	most  difficult	ยากที่สุด
expensive	ถูก	more expensive	ถูกกว่า	most expensive	ถูกที่สุด
beautiful	สวย	more beautiful	สวยกว่า	most beautiful	สวยที่สุด
bad	เลว	worse	เลวกว่า	worst	เลวที่สุด
good	ดี	better	ดีกว่า	best	ดีที่สุด
old	อาวุโส	elder	อาวุโสกว่า	eldest	อาวุโสที่สุด